Which rate is charged on overnight loans between commercial banks?

The federal funds rate is the interest rate that banks charge each other for overnight loans. This rate is crucial in the context of monetary policy as it influences overall economic activity. When banks need to meet reserve requirements or manage their cash flow, they borrow from one another on an overnight basis. The federal funds rate is closely monitored by the Federal Reserve and is a key tool for its monetary policy, impacting other interest rates throughout the economy.

In contrast, the prime rate is the rate that banks charge their most creditworthy customers for loans, while the discount rate refers to the interest rate the Federal Reserve charges commercial banks for short-term loans. The call rate, on the other hand, typically pertains to the interest rate charged on loans that can be called in by the lender at short notice. The distinct role of the federal funds rate in facilitating overnight lending between banks makes it the correct choice for this question.